Dogs develop allergies to specific proteins such as albumin and globulin found in beef, which cause various allergic signs like itching, rashes, and respiratory problems. Factors like genetic predisposition, exposure to allergens, and underlying health conditions contribute to food allergies in dogs. Food allergies occur when the immune system mistakes a harmless protein as a threat.

Various protein alternatives can replace beef in a dog's diet to prevent beef allergies. Hydrolyzed proteins or novel protein sources are less likely to trigger allergic reactions and can be used as substitutes for beef.  

Hydrolyzed proteins  undergo processing that breaks them into smaller components, making them easier for sensitive dogs to digest. This processing alters their structure, reducing the likelihood of provoking an immune response.  

Novel protein sources , such as venison, duck, or fish, offer unique protein options that the dog has not encountered before. Introducing variety in the diet not only helps in avoiding allergens but also provides a range of essential nutrients for a pet.

Alternative protein sources for dogs “vary in chemical composition and protein quality, with chicken protein sources having high protein quality and enzyme-hydrolyzed fish protein concentrate, soybean meal, and spray-dried pork liver having high digestibility,” according to the  study  by Dust, J., Grieshop, C., Parsons, C., Karr-Lilienthal, L., Schasteen, C., Quigley, J., Merchen, N., & Fahey, G. (2005).

Diagnosing beef allergy in dogs involves methods such as:

• food trials

• veterinary consultations

• elimination diets

If a dog shows symptoms like itching, skin rashes, or digestive issues, a veterinarian will suggest a food trial to identify the specific allergen, which in this case is beef. During this process, the dog is fed a diet free of beef protein while being closely monitored for any response. If the symptoms improve, it indicates that the beef allergy was the cause. If the symptoms persist, additional diagnostic tests are required, and a veterinary dermatologist's expertise is necessary to guide specialized elimination diets 
(White S. & Moriello, K., 2018).

The treatments for beef allergy in dogs typically involve dietary changes , such as switching to hydrolyzed proteins or novel protein sources, to alleviate allergy symptoms and prevent further allergic reactions.

The 2021 study of Leistra, M., Markwell, P., & Willemse, T. concluded that “Commercially available limited-allergen diets with selected protein sources may be appropriate for long-term management of pruritus caused by adverse food reactions in dogs.”